'From demands for an eight-hour workday to the fight for immigrants’ rights, Chicago has played a key role in May Day’s storied history.' | MilesKLassin ReaderArchives (2017)
. In a manifesto written at the Pittsburgh Congress of the International Working People’s Association in 1883, the “Chicago Idea” was first presented, proclaiming: “Agitation for the purpose of organization; organization for the purpose of rebellion. In these few words the ways are marked which workers must take if they want to be rid of their chains.”
Along with demanding an eight-hour workday, the groups involved animated the demonstrations with calls for participatory politics and a more equal economy, challenging the deep-seated class stratification that marked American society at the time.turn at the McCormick Reaper Works factory, where police clashed with strikers, leaving two dead and many more injured.
In 1888, the American Federation of Labor called another general strike on May 1, 1890, to again demand an eight-hour workday. After receiving a letter from AFL president Samuel Gompers, the Second International of the world’s Socialists meeting in Paris in 1889, designating May 1 as a universal international workers’ day, citing the legacy of the Haymarket Massacre.
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