Malcolm Gladwell, author of 'The Tipping Point', acknowledges his previous support for Broken Windows policing as incorrect. He now believes the strategy was counterproductive, exacerbating tensions in minority communities rather than effectively reducing crime.
The NYPD's commitment to Broken Windows policing, the disarmingly simple idea that serious crimes are more likely to occur in disorderly environments than orderly ones, is the real difference-maker said Malcolm Gladwell .If you’re familiar with the Broken Windows theory of policing, you may have learned of it, perhaps indirectly, frompublished 25 years ago.
It’s illegal to sleep on a New York City sidewalk, for example, but in most parts of the city, cops won’t rouse a homeless person who isn’t creating a disturbance. Panhandling, on the other hand, is legal in New York, but the police may intervene if it’s done menacingly, or near an ATM, or if the beggar is accosting people while they’re eating.
Broken Windows critics point out that there is no such thing as a monocausal explanation for why crime rises or falls, and that it’s impossible to know precisely which factors will facilitate or mitigate crime, or to what degree. That is true. Cities are not laboratories where researchers can control for confounding variables, and human beings are not lab rats. Millions of autonomous citizens inhabit New York, and they have complicated reasons for committing, or not committing, crimes.
Though police need to be able to question people based on well-founded suspicions, they can obviously go too far. In 2013, in Floyd v. City of New York, a federal judge ruled that, in practice, the NYPD’s stop-and-frisk tactics violated the rights of minorities, who were stopped disproportionately and excessively. But this had nothing to do with Broken Windows policing.
In his 2021 book, “The Profession: A Memoir of Community, Race, and the Arc of Policing in America,” Bratton smartly analogizes cities to patients, and police commanders to doctors. “The skill of a successful police leader is the ability to look at his or her patient and develop the appropriate prescriptions and procedures to make the patient well.” In the 1990s, when crime was out of control and New Yorkers wanted help, a more aggressive, proactive approach was warranted.
Crime Policing Broken Windows Malcolm Gladwell The Tipping Point
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