A major new study involving a large diabetic population indicates that the use of GLP-1 RA drugs does not significantly increase the risk of thyroid cancer, although the study's relatively short follow-up period is noted.
In the largest study of its kind involving a diabetic population, the use of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist drugs shows no significantly increased risk for thyroid cancer , with the important caveat of the study’s relatively short follow-up period.
To further investigate the short-term association, Pottegard and colleagues evaluated databases in Canada, Denmark, Norway, South Korea, Sweden and Taiwan spanning 2007 and 2023. The results were also consistent across varying subgroups, including by age, type of GLP-1 RA, and cumulative dose of GLP-1 RAs. Further analysis showed no increased risk for thyroid cancer based on time since initiation of GLP-1 RA drugs, with the cumulative rate ratio of 0.59 after 5 years and 1.00 after 10 years.An analysis of medullary thyroid cancer was not possible due to the low number of those cancers, which are known to be rare in the general population.
They underscore the limitation that the short median follow-up period of 1.8-3.0 years in the GLP-1 RA group “is insufficient to evaluate long-term risks, which is particularly relevant given the latency associated with thyroid cancer development after exposures such as radiation 2.5 years.”
GLP-1 RA Thyroid Cancer Diabetes Study Results Drug Safety
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