Higher incomes are often correlated with healthier pregnancies and babies, but is it really the money that matters? Sedimentary rocks that formed 390 million years ago, surprisingly, help provide the answer, at least for those who live above the Marcellus Shale formation, according to a team.
Higher incomes are often correlated with healthier pregnancies and babies, but is it really the money that matters? Sedimentary rocks that formed 390 million years ago, surprisingly, help provide the answer, at least for those who live above the Marcellus Shale formation, according to a team led by researchers at Penn State.
Birthweight is tied to multiple health outcomes for babies, from immediate indicators, such as the ability to breathe, strength of their immune system and infant mortality, to long-term developmental factors and disease risk. To better understand how area income increases impact birthweight, pre-term birth rates, maternal health and behaviors before and during pregnancy, such as smoking and prenatal care compliance, the researchers used a"quasi-experimental" design.
"Our map doesn't focus on drilling but rather the potential economic impact based on the quality of the Marcellus Shale formation itself," Martin said."If communities lived above areas estimated to contain more natural gas, they had more money -- even if drilling was not as extensive. And those communities had decreased rates of low birth weight."
"Income gains potentially reduce the number of stressors and hardships -- or their consequences -- leading to improvements in infant health," Chapman said. Tiffany L. Green, associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology and population health sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, also contributed to this project.
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