Human brains share many similarities with animal brains. So what makes us our experience of consciousness different?
The brains of human and animals have many similarities, both at the molecular and cellular levels and at higher levels of brain structure.Yet human conscious awareness has unique features based on powers of conceptual thought and the ability to design new technologies.
A further blow to our egos came with Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace’s theory of natural selection, most famously expounded in Darwin’spublished in 1859, which showed that humans are only one of many branches on the tree of evolutionary change. The idea that consciousness is something shared by a great number of species underlies a famous essay by the philosopher Thomas Nagel in which he asked"What is it like to be a bat?" In this essay, Nagel makes a number of assumptions. One is that"conscious experience is a widespread phenomenon" present in many animals, particularly mammals. Another is that such experience has a"subjective" character.
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