Science, Space and Technology News 2024
Scientists from UC San Diego’s Scripps Institution of Oceanography have discovered geochemical signatures of magma pooling beneath the surface during Iceland’s 2021 Fagradalsfjall Fires.
Continuous sampling of the erupted lavas from the Fagradalsfjall volcano enabled a detailed time-series analysis of geochemical signals. These show that the start of the eruption began with the massive pooling of magma, contrasting the initial hypothesis for magma ascent straight from the mantle.“By collecting lavas in regular intervals, and then measuring their compositions in the laboratory, we can tell what’s feeding the volcano at depth,” said study lead Day.
“What’s useful about using osmium,” said Day, “is that one of its isotopes is produced by the radiogenic decay of another metal, rhenium. Because the elements behave differently during melting, one of the elements, rhenium, is enriched in Earth’s crust.” Day and colleagues took advantage of the distinct behaviors of rhenium and osmium to show that the early lavas from the Fagradalsfjall Fires were contaminated by crust.Earth can be broken up into a series of layers.
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