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through the wonders of civilization and technology. Some also believe that because we are different from other creatures, we have complete control over our destiny andLike other living creatures, humans have been shaped by evolution.
Over time, we have developed – and continue to develop – the traits that help us survive and flourish in the environments where we live.People with those traits are more likely to survive and pass those traits on to their children. Over many generations, those traits become widespread in the population.We humans have two hands that help us skillfully use tools and other objects. We are able to walk and run on two legs, which frees our hands for these skilled tasks. And we have large brains that let us All of these traits have helped humans develop culture. Culture includes all of our ideas and beliefs and our abilities to plan and think about the present and the future. It also includes our ability to change our environment, for example by making tools and growing food. Although we humans have changed our environment in many ways during the past few thousand years, we are still changed by evolution. We have not stopped evolving, but we are evolving right now in different ways than our ancient ancestors. Our environments are We usually think of an environment as the weather, plants and animals in a place. But environments include the foods we eat and the infectious diseases we are exposed to. A very important part of the environment is the climate and what kinds of conditions we can live in. Our culture helps us change our exposure to the climate. For example, we build houses and put furnaces and air conditioners in them. But culture doesn't fully protect us from extremes of heat, cold and the sun's rays. Here are some examples of how humans have evolved over the past 10,000 years and how we are continuing to evolve today.under frequent bright sunlight. Yet, when ancient humans moved to cloudy, cooler places, the dark skin was not needed. Dark skin in cloudy places blocked the production of. So in this way, human evolution is driven by the environment – sunny or cloudy – in different parts of the world.for this rich food. Unfortunately, like most other mammals at that time, human adults back then could not digest milk without feeling ill. Yet a few people were able to digest milk because they had genes that let them do so.and have many children. So the genes that allowed them to digest milk increased in the population until nearly everyone could drink milk as adults.without suffering from heart diseases. The Turkana people herd livestock in Kenya in a very dry part of Africa. They have a gene that allows them to go for long periodsThese examples show how the remarkable diversity of foods that people eat around the world can affect evolution. Scanning electron micrograph depicting a mass of Yersinia pestis bacteria in the foregut of the flea vector. Like all living creatures, humans have been exposed to many infectious diseases. During the 14th century a deadly disease called thein Europe. Many of those who survived had a specific gene that gave them resistance against the disease. Those people and their descendants werebased on their genes. It may be that evolution increases this resistance in the population and helps humans fight future As human beings, we are exposed to a variety of changing environments. And so evolution in many human populations continues across generations, including right now.
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