How SARS-CoV-2 infection affects acute ischemic stroke outcomes IschemicStroke SARSCoV2 Stroke Coronavirus Disease COVID Pneumonia Cardiovascular Reperfusion CreactiveProtein PLOSONE semmelweishu
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Mar 6 2023Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 , has affected millions of individuals worldwide, with a high rate of mortality and morbidity. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 infection has been associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic events. Acute ischemic stroke is one of the common cerebrovascular complications linked to COVID-19.
Many studies have indicated that COVID-19-related stroke occurs in younger patients, with little to no risk factors. In addition, the majority of AIS patients with concomitant SARS-CoV-2 infection were elderly and had several cardiovascular complications. Cardiovascular risk factors were also found to enhance the risk of AIS.
Study Findings The study cohort included no patients with mild symptoms; 50% exhibited moderate symptoms, 37.5% had severe infections, and 12.5% were critically infected with SARS-CoV-2. Around 31% of the COVID-19 AIS group and 23.5% of the control group were treated with acute reperfusion therapy. Only severe-critical patients required ICU transfer, and their hospitalization duration was marginally longer compared to other groups.
Imaging data revealed that multiple vessel territorial involvement was similar in both COVID-19 AIS and non-COVID-19 AIS groups. A higher large vessel occlusion rate was found in the COVID-19 group, with larger anterior circulation LVO in the COVID-19 AIS group. Notably, in the COVID-19 AIS group, patients with pneumonia mainly exhibited higher LVO prevalence, which indicated a stronger association between COVID-19 pneumonia and LVO.
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