How close is America to a new coronavirus vaccine?
The first choice involved when it comes to making any new vaccine is deciding on an antigen. This is the piece of thethat will be included in the vaccine to kickstart an immune response and fend off infection. The antigen should be something that your immune system will recognize when you encounter that pathogen in the wild and something that will easily stimulate the necessary response.
“Most of the [new coronavirus] vaccines that are being developed focus on trying to block this [protein],” Bottazzi says. Falzarano agrees. “We are pretty sure that we need to use the spike protein as the vaccine antigen,” he says. Researchers also have to figure out how much of the antigen they can use to produce the right level of an immune response. Too little of the antigen might not stoke the immune system enough, whereas too much of it might create such an intense immune reaction that it inadvertently causes damage to the animal or person being tested. It’s a fine line.
, protect against various infectious diseases. “Therefore we favor vaccines that use the same systems to be produced as other proven vaccines already in the market,” she says.
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