Knowing how animals use their environments to survive and thrive is a key challenge for predicting how global climate change will affect wildlife. A global collaborative study of four species of crane has shed light on the way that migrations are finely tuned to unpredictable and complex environments.
A team from 10 countries combined novel animal tracking technology, remote-sensed information about the environment, and a new statistical framework to gain insight into four iconic species: common cranes, white-naped cranes, black-necked cranes, and demoiselle cranes.
"Animals have to satisfy their own needs with what they can get from their environment, but both of these are changing constantly," says Scott Yanco, first author on the study and a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Michigan."This creates an intriguing optimization problem that we wanted to know if cranes were solving through long-distance migration."
For other species, access to food may come at a cost. The black-necked cranes in the study had to decide between safe roosting habitat and abundant resources."Amazingly, the balance between these competing needs changed over the year depending on what the birds were doing," adds Yanco. During migration they opted for safer roosting conditions, whereas during breeding they leaned towards abundant food.
"When we know how animals use certain environmental conditions, we can make better predictions about how species might respond to human-caused global change and develop more effective interventions that ensure we preserve the conditions species need to survive," says Pokrovsky.Beetles are champions at surviving in extremely dry environments. In part, this property is due to their ability to suck water from the air with their rear ends. A new study explains just how. Beyond ...
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