Ian Myles is a physician-scientist at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, one of the NIH institutes, specializing in internal medicine and allergy & immunology.
"We haven't had a full night's sleep since our son was born eight years ago," said Mrs. B, pointing to her son's dry, red and itchy skin.
While researchers have paid a lot of attention to genetics, the best predictor of whether a child will develop eczema isn't in their genes but the environment they lived in for their first few years of life. By submitting your information you agree to the Terms & Conditions and Privacy Policy and are aged 16 or over.For eczema, along with the allergic diseases that routinely develop with it – peanut allergy and asthma – two chemical classes leaped off the page: diisocyanates and xylene.
Research has found that exposing mice to isocyanates and xylene can directly cause eczema, itch and inflammation by increasing the activity of receptors involved in itch, pain and temperature sensation. These receptors are also more active in mice placed on unhealthy diets. How directly exposing mice to these toxins compares to the typical levels of exposure in people is still unclear.
We found that exposing these bacteria to isocyanates or xylene led them to stop making ceramides and instead make amino acids such as lysine. Lysine helps protect the bacteria from the harms of the toxins but doesn't provide the health benefits of ceramides. Detectors capable of sensing low levels of isocyanate or xylene could help track pollutants and predict eczema flare-ups across a community. Better detectors can also help researchers identify air filtration systems that can scrub these chemicals from the environment. Within the U.S., people can use the EPA Toxics Tracker to look up which pollutants are most common near their home.
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