Several vaccines are currently in large-scale studies to see if they can prevent COVID-19, and more are on the way. We answer some frequently asked questions about large-scale vaccine efficacy studies.
Researchers chose enrolling 30,000 people as a target for pragmatic reasons. To test a vaccine, it needs to be given to enough people who will subsequently be exposed to the virus. But researchers didn't know for sure where the virus would be circulating when they were ready to test their vaccine.
By conducting a large trial, researchers hope to learn whether the vaccine is safe and whether it prevents infection.. A large trial should reveal less common side effects. The Food and Drug Administration is the federal agency that will decide whether to authorize the use of the vaccine. It has said a vaccine must reduce infections in the vaccinated group by at least 50% to be considered.These are what's called event-driven trials."An event-driven trial means that the primary analysis of the trial happens when you get enough events," Janes says."We don't know how long that's going to take.
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