How are changes in coffee and caffeine intake associated with changes in fat tissue? unav HarvardChanSPH coffee caffeine fat faittissue health
Background Being overweight or obese elevates the risk of chronic diseases, such as cancer, depression, type 2 diabetes , and cardiovascular disease . Anthropometric measures are good surrogates for adiposity but fail to capture fat tissue/distribution. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry can precisely determine and localize fat tissue.
The researchers used data from participants who underwent DXA scans. Participants indicated their dietary and lifestyle habits at baseline, six months, and every year. They also provided responses to a validated food frequency questionnaire comprising 143 items. Coffee consumption habits were stratified according to the presence/absence of caffeine.
Findings The final sample comprised 1483 participants, with a relatively low mean level of caffeinated coffee intake. Individuals with an increased intake of caffeinated coffee were mostly males and likelier to be younger. In addition, a higher intake of salt, total energy, trans-unsaturated fatty acids, pure alcohol, higher prevalence of smoking, lower adherence to er-MedDiet, and more pronounced abdominal obesity were observed in individuals consuming more than one cup of coffee.
Android-to-gynoid fat ratio and SAT were not associated with changes in the consumption of caffeinated coffee. Body mass index and waist circumference were not associated with changes in coffee intake. A stratified analysis by sex revealed a slightly stronger association between concurrent total/trunk fat changes and moderate caffeinated coffee consumption.
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