An organism as a tenant in another -- in biology, this often works quite well. Researchers have now shed light on how such a partnership of a cell in a cell can establish itself.
Endosymbiosis is a fascinating biological phenomenon in which an organism lives inside another. Such an unusual relationship is often beneficial for both parties. Even in our bodies, we find remnants of such cohabitation: mitochondria, the powerhouses of our cells, evolved from an ancient endosymbiosis. Long ago, bacteria entered other cells and stayed. This coexistence laid the foundation for mitochondria and thus the cells of plants, animals, and fungi.
To study the beginnings of such a special relationship between two organisms, a team of researchers led by Julia Vorholt, Professor of Microbiology at ETH Zurich, initiated such partnerships in the laboratory. The scientists observed what exactly happens at the beginning of a possible endosymbiosis.
The researchers also found that the resident, together with its host, produced biologically active molecules that could help the host obtain nutrients and defend itself against predators such as nematodes or amoebae."The initial disadvantage can thus become an advantage," emphasizes Vorholt.In their study, the researchers show how fragile early endosymbiotic systems are.
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