Genomes From 240 Mammal Species Explain Human Disease Risks Why is it that certain mammals have an exceptional sense of smell, some hibernate, and yet others, including humans, are predisposed to disease? A major international research project, jointly led by Uppsala University, Sweden, and the Bro
A significant international study examining the genomes of 240 mammals has revealed over three million key regulatory elements, advancing understanding of mammalian evolution, species-specific traits, disease predispositions, and risk of extinction. The findings, which could improve understanding and treatment of diseases like schizophrenia, asthma, and medulloblastoma, underscore that at least 10% of the genome is functional, far more than previously known.
Professor Kerstin Lindblad-Toh, Professor of Comparative Genomics at the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Sweden. Credit: Mikael Wallerstedthas been that if a position in the genome has been preserved throughout 100 million years of evolution, it likely serves a function in all mammals. For the first time, they have been able to test this hypothesis on a large scale.
“It’s exciting to now have a picture of which mutations have steered the development of specific traits in these widely divergent mammals,” says Matthew Christmas, researcher and co-first author of one of the articles focusing on the function of the genome and how it affects distinctive features in different species.
The new knowledge also helps researchers understand how diseases arise, by linking the positions in the genome conserved by evolution to known conditions. This can be done for all species and will also be usable with reference to human diseases.
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