Gene editing helped crack a 100-year-old mystery about cancer

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Gene editing helped crack a 100-year-old mystery about cancer
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Researchers using modern gene-editing tools have discovered that the intuition of scientists from more than a century ago was right: Cells with unusual numbers of chromosomes are drivers of cancer.

found that the more chromosomally unstable a patient’s tumor cells were, the more likely their cancer was aggressive and their prognosis poor.

With the invention of CRISPR gene editing technology a decade ago, scientists gained the ability to add, delete or tweak genes. But deleting a whole chromosome is a different matter. When they tried to grow tumors from this subpopulation of cancer cells, they found that the cells were no longer capable of seeding tumors in a petri dish or in live mice. To Sheltzer, this was clear evidence that extra chromosomes weren’t just an effect, but a driver of the disease.For now, the technique is a tool, not a therapy. It’s not yet feasible to think about restoring normal numbers of chromosomes in cancer cells as a way of staving off the disease.

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