The galaxy, J1135, located 12 billion light-years away, is observed as it appeared less than 2 billion years after the Big Bang. Scientists have mapped the water molecules in a vapor cloud surrounding the galaxy, which can provide insights into the formation of stars and black holes.
Illustration shows water molecules seen in a vapor cloud around a galaxy, infrared emissions form these molecules can help track the formation of stars and black holesFor the first time, scientists managed to develop a map of water distribution in a galaxy that existed when the 13.8-billion-year-old universe was just a cosmic teenager.
"Water can be found not only on Earth but anywhere in space, in different states," Francesca Perrotta, lead author of the study and a SISSA researcher,."For example, in the form of ice, water can be found in so-called molecular clouds, dense regions of dust and gas in which stars are born." Radiation from these disruptive sources heats frozen water, causing it to convert straight to a gaseous form, aka water vapor, during a process called sublimation. Then, as this water vapor cools, it emits infrared light that astronomers are able to observe.
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