The UN’s World Food Programme has described 2022 as 'a year of unprecedented hunger', with millions of people in dozens of countries facing famine. Yet significant amounts of farmland are being used to produce not food, but so-called biofuels. But could the global food crisis change that?
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First generation biofuels are made by processing crops, including corn, sugarcane, rapeseed, and soybeans. Because they're renewable and absorb carbon as they grow, advocates argue that biofuels' overall greenhouse gas emissions are smaller than those of fossil fuels. Although some analysts and academics claim that emissions from biofuels made from food crops are only slightly lower than fossil fuels when factors like transportation and fertilisers are accounted for.
But following the war in Ukraine, global food and energy supplies have been disrupted, and prices have risen. So why not shift agricultural production allocated for fuel to food? While that may seem like a straightforward solution, opinion is divided. Worldwide, the production of biofuels uses about 4 per cent of arable land.
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