First Known Opiate Biomarker Shows Fentanyl's Effect on Brain

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First Known Opiate Biomarker Shows Fentanyl's Effect on Brain
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Fentanyl depresses breathing about 4 minutes before symptoms of distress are evident at a dose that is 1700 times lower than that needed for sedation, new research shows.

Most anesthetic drugs have a distinct EEG signature that clinicians can use to track the drugs' effects. But opioids had no known signature or biomarker of any kind.

Researchers identified changes in theta oscillations that corresponded with patients' respiration, sedation, and loss of consciousness. They were able to use this biomarker to measure fentanyl's effects. Although the study only looked at fentanyl, Purdon expects that other opioids would demonstrate a similar signature.

"During the COVID crisis we had ICU physicians asking us to give seminars on how to use the EEG to manage their patients' sedation and one of the first things they'd ask about is, 'What do we do about the opioids?'" said Purdon, adding that although they couldn't answer that question then, they are closer to being able to do so now.

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