A heavy particle's magnetic moment goes beyond the Standard Model.
There’s no such thing as being alone in the cosmos. Physicists have known for decades that particles and antiparticles pop in and out of existence all the time, some of which we know about and many of which likely remain undiscovered. Physicists search for signs of new particles beyond the Standard Model — the theory that describes how elementary particles and fundamental forces interact — to push physics into new realms.
But they didn’t, the scientists in the Muon g - 2 Collaboration found. If muons behaved as predicted, then g would equal 2, and g minus 2 would equal 0. But the Fermilab experiments showed that g was a little more than 10 millionths greater than 2, enough that many physicists see that discrepancy as a crack in the wall of the Standard Model.
The experiment itself likely isn’t the culprit. Physicists have been measuring the magnetic moment of muons since early experiments at CERN, in Switzerland, in the 1950s. But in 2001, experiments from an ultra-precise measurement at Brookhaven National Laboratory, in Upton, New York, revealed the discrepancy with theoretical calculations.
“They want to stitch all these pieces together into a fundamental picture of the universe,” says Polly.
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