Europe lacks groundwater – a lot of groundwater. The continent has already been suffering from a severe drought since 2018. This is confirmed by satellite data analyzed at the Institute of Geodesy at TU Graz. Europe has been experiencing a severe drought for years. Across the continent, groundwat
, stagnant waters that slowly disappeared and with them numerous impacts on nature and people. Not only did numerous aquaticlose their habitat and dry soils cause many problems for agriculture, but the energy shortage in Europe also worsened as a result. Nuclear power plants in France lacked the cooling water to generate enough electricity and hydroelectric power plants could not fulfill their function without sufficient water either.
The Grace Follow-on satellites Tom and Jerry measure the mass changes on earth. Credit: NASA – JPL-CaltechHow can the geodesists at TU Graz use data from space to make accurate statements about groundwater reservoirs? At the heart of the G3P project are twin satellites named Tom and Jerry, which orbit the Earth in a polar orbit at an altitude of just under 490 kilometers. The distance between the satellites of around 200 kilometers is important.
The distance between the satellites is being constantly and precisely measured. If they fly over a mountain, the satellite in front is initially faster than the one behind because of the increased mass under it. Once it has passed the mountain, it slows down slightly again, but the rear satellite accelerates as soon as it reaches the mountain. Once both are over the mountain, their relative speed is established once more.
Each of these other masses has its own experts who contribute their data here. These are located in Austria , Germany , Switzerland , France , Spain , Finland and the Netherlands .The result of this cooperation shows that the water situation in Europe has now become very precarious. Torsten Mayer-Gürr had not expected this on such a big scale. “A few years ago, I would never have imagined that water would be a problem here in Europe, especially in Germany or Austria.
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