AI ethics tussling with the doctrine of double effect, which arises within the famous Trolley Problem and pertains directly to the advent of AI-based self-driving cars.
In today’s column, I explore a longstanding thorny topic that ethicists have been bandying back and forth for quite a while, specifically known as the. The purpose here is to briskly get the doctrine onto the table and showcase that it is pertinent to those pursuing advances in AI. The odds are that no matter whether you accept the doctrine or reject it, there is still worthwhile food for thought that the matter brings to the surface.
The sordid twist is that we often find ourselves dealing with not merely aspiring to a good end but also can encounter the possibility of a bad end or a multitude of bad ends. You wanted to save someone but darned if doing so harmed someone else . Notice that you might have successfully and fully achieved the good end, yet simultaneously or at some point in time also incurred a bad end .
“The good effect must flow from the action at least as immediately as the bad effect. In other words, the good effect must be produced directly by the action, not by the bad effect. Otherwise, the agent would be using a bad means to a good end, which is never allowed.”There is also a great deal of debate about the role of intentions.
Other examples include a medical doctor that wants to aid a terminally ill patient and has a tough choice of good end versus bad end considerations, and one that especially gets attention involves the war-like issue of bombings and the killing of non-combatants. You can find plenty of material online about the doctrine of double effect.Let’s consider how this relates to advances in AI. I’ll make use of the advent of AI autonomous vehicles such as AI-powered self-driving cars.
Given this preliminary setup of the Trolley Problem as a lose-lose with one person at stake in your choice of either option, it does not especially spark an ethical dilemma since each outcome is woefully considered the same. The matter is usually altered in various ways to try and see how you might respond to a more ethically challenging circumstance.
AI Ethics Morals Self-Driving Cars Driverless Robo-Taxi Autonomous Vehicles Safety Doctrine Double Effect
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