There are six different ways in which our choice environment might sway or “nudge” our decisions. Which is most powerful?
Nudges can affect us by tapping into attention, perception, memory, effort, or intrinsic/extrinsic motivation.the environment
. A well-known example of this phenomenon includes the layout of a cafeteria or supermarket. Placing an item at eye level makes it more likely to be chosen—even if it’s a salad. Another classic nudge is the strategic use of language to “frame” a choice. If advertisements evoke aThaler and Sunstein’s popular book on the topic. Crucially, nudges never restrict people’s choices. Instead, subtle manipulations of the choice environment merely tend to influence the way choices are processed.
Much research has been dedicated to understanding the principles of nudging, and national governments across many countries have allocated resources to leveraging the potential of nudges for improving the wellbeing of their citizens. A notable example includes the wide distribution of posters reminding citizens of good handwashing practices during thepandemic.
The last type of nudge involves the process of extrinsic motivation. This includes offering external rewards for making certain choices. Receiving a sticker to inform people about a recent, voluntary blood donation could be an example. Another might involve the mentioning of professional achievements in staff meetings or organisational newsletters, thereby offering a reputational reward for a job well done.
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