They've been covered by Earth's most extensive ice sheet for the past 14 million years.
The deep history of rocks and mountain belts buried beneath the East Antarctica Ice Sheet - one of the planet's most inaccessible and underexplored environments- has been exposed thanks to a recent treasure collection of ancient rocks reported inUntil now, scientists had only the vaguest understanding of the origins of the mountains and landscapes currently covered by Earth's most extensive ice sheet for the past 14 million years.
They knew that rocks of this age were not found anywhere in Antarctica. Better yet, they must have originated deep within the ice sheet- may have been from the vast and enigmatic Gamburtsev SubglacialThese mountains, in particular, have long baffled scientists because they are entirely covered in ice, and no one is sure what types of rocks make up the range.
Initially, around 500 million years ago, a collision between two continents gave rise to the supercontinent Gondwana. Secondly, 180 million years ago, the Gondwana supercontinent began to split.about 100 million years ago caused a high-elevation plateau to collapse.
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