Two papers published in American Mineralogist and sponsored in part by NASA help reconstruct the history of life on earth and guide the search for new minerals and ore deposits.
The International Mineralogical Association recognizes more than 30 “species” of tourmaline, but the new papers acknowledge only a handful of “mineral kinds.
“The work also tells us something very profound about the role of biology,” Hazen said in a media statement. “One-third of earth’s minerals could not have formed without biology – shells and bones and teeth, Composed of one part iron to two parts sulphide , pyrite is derived and delivered via meteorites, volcanos, hydrothermal deposits, by pressure between layers of rock, near-surface rock weathering, microbially-precipitated deposits, several mining-associated processes and many other means.The studies also found that rare elements play a disproportionate role in the planet’s mineral diversity.
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