Science, Space and Technology News 2024
After the death of a massive, spinning star, a disk of material forms around the central black hole. As the material cools and falls into the black hole, new research suggests that detectable gravitational waves are created. Credit: Ore Gottlieb
The gravitational waves emerge following the violent deaths of rapidly rotating stars 15 to 20 times the mass of the sun. Upon running out of fuel, these stars implode, then explode, in an event known as a collapsar. This leaves behind asurrounded by a large disk of leftover material that quickly whirls into the black hole’s maw. The spiraling of material — which lasts just minutes — is so great that it distorts the space around it, creating gravitational waves that travel across the universe.
“Currently, the only gravitational wave sources that we have detected come from a merger of two compact objects — neutron stars or black holes,” says study lead Ore Gottlieb, a research fellow at the Flatiron Institute’s Center for Computational Astrophysics in New York City. “One of the most interesting questions in the field is: What are the potential non-merger sources that could produce gravitational waves that we can detect with current facilities? One promising answer is now collapsars.
“In principle, we would ideally simulate 1 million collapsars to be able to create a generic template, but unfortunately, these are very expensive simulations,” Gottlieb says. “So, for now, we have to pick other strategies.”
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