In the west the rivers were both important boundaries and means of transportation. Watersheds defined the boundaries of most nations.
In Indian country, the Red Deer River or Elk River extends from the Rocky Mountains to the forks east of Prince Albert. It’s a matter of perspective. The early fur traders thought that the Saskatchewan River was one river with a south and north branch.
The Elk River also forms the boundary between the Blackfoot and Cree territory. This boundary was negotiated in the treaty between the two nations at the Bear Hills in what is now Alberta. The Blackfoot territory includes rivers that flow into the Red Deer River, including parts that are in the United States.
The northern boundary of Cree country was also determined by a treaty. In the early 1700s, the Cree and Dene met at a camping place on the Peace River west of Lake Athabasca. Today the area is called Peace Point.Article content The watershed of the Mackenzie River forms the land base for the Dene Nation. This vast watershed goes as Far East as Wollaston Lake in Saskatchewan to its northern terminus at the Arctic Ocean. The Dene in northwest Saskatchewan enter the Mackenzie watershed via the Clearwater River.
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