Important brain structures that are key for signaling in the brain are narrower and less dense in females, and more likely to be damaged by brain injuries, such as concussion. Long-term cognitive deficits occur when the signals between brain structures weaken due to the injury.
Different brain structures in females lead to more severe cognitive deficits after concussion than males The structural differences in male and female brains might explain why females are more prone to concussions and experience longer recovery from the injury than their male counterparts.
"Clinicians have observed for a long time that females suffer from concussion at higher rates than males in the same sports, and that they take longer to recover cognitive function, but couldn't explain the underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon," said senior author Douglas Smith, MD, a professor of Neurosurgery and director of Penn's Center for Brain Injury and Repair.
In this study, researchers used large animal models of concussion to identify differences in brains of males and females after a concussion. They found that females had a higher population of smaller axons, which researchers demonstrated are more vulnerable to injury. They also reported that in these models, females had greater loss of sodium channels after concussion.
Researchers have identified the mechanism for why and how one brain region differs in size between male and female rats. The study found that immune system cells in the brains of females consume and ...
Accident And Trauma Nervous System Psychology Research Brain Injury Intelligence Disorders And Syndromes Gender Difference
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