A new study suggests that dark matter, a mysterious substance making up 27 per cent of the universe, could be spreading through a hidden 'fifth dimension'. The study proposes a 'resonant' dark matter model, where dark matter interacts with normal matter through a mediator particle called a dark photon. This interaction creates a 'resonance' effect, where dark matter interacts with normal matter more strongly when the mass of the dark photon is close to twice the mass of the dark matter particle.
Dark matter, a mysterious substance making up 27 per cent of the universe, could be even stranger than thought, according to a new study. Scientists suggest it could be spreading through a hidden ' fifth dimension', beyond the normal four dimensions of space and time.
The shape of this extra dimension causes dark matter particles to 'resonate', or line up in a precise arrangement. This structure creates a phenomenon called 'dark matter resonance'. Dark matter has been 'tuned' throughout the universe's evolution, which could explain why it played a huge role in shaping the universe after the Big Bang, and why it's proving so hard to find today.
The study proposes a 'resonant' dark matter model, where dark matter interacts with normal matter through a mediator particle called a dark photon. This interaction creates a 'resonance' effect, where dark matter interacts with normal matter more strongly when the mass of the dark photon is close to twice the mass of the dark matter particle. This theory would explain why dark matter interacted with normal matter more actively in the early universe but remains difficult to detect today.
The study's findings have the potential to change our understanding of how dark matter was produced in the early universe and how we search for it today. The universe is made up of normal matter, which makes up five per cent of all the mass, and dark matter and dark energy, which make up 27 per cent and 68 per cent, respectively.
Dark matter plays a major role in shaping the formation and evolution of galaxies like our own Milky Way. Although it doesn't interact with normal matter directly and doesn't show up in our telescopes, scientists can see how its gravitational pull has shaped the universe. Dark matter acts like an invisible glue, holding individual galaxies and the great threads of the cosmic web together with its gravitational pull.
However, despite decades of research, scientists aren't really any closer to figuring out what dark matter really is. Some theories suggest that dark matter is a type of weakly-interacting particle that was abundant in the early universe but eventually thinned out as the cosmos expanded and cooled.
In contrast, the study proposes a 'resonant' dark matter model, where dark matter interacts with normal matter through a mediator particle called a dark photon. The geometry of the fifth dimension causes masses of dark matter particles to line up in a precise arrangement, creating a phenomenon known as 'dark matter resonance'.
This extremely specific structure 'tunes' dark matter throughout the universe's evolution, which could explain why it played a huge role in shaping the universe after the Big Bang, and why it's proving so hard to find today. The study's findings have the potential to change our understanding of how dark matter was produced in the early universe and how we search for it today.
The researchers suggest that the geometry of the fifth dimension causes dark matter particles to 'resonate', or line up in a precise arrangement. This structure creates a phenomenon called 'dark matter resonance'. The study's lead author, Dr Taegyu Lee, says: 'In our model, the particles that we can observe, including ourselves, reside in four-dimensional space, which includes one time dimension and three spatial dimensions.
However, dark matter can move freely in four dimensions plus an extra spatial dimension, which is very small and curled up.
' This extra dimension isn't something that we can see into or enter, but it would leave a distinctive fingerprint in the structure of reality. The researchers propose that dark matter interacts with normal matter through a mediator particle called a dark photon. This interaction creates a 'resonance' effect, where dark matter interacts with normal matter more strongly when the mass of the dark photon is close to twice the mass of the dark matter particle.
This theory would explain why dark matter interacted with normal matter more actively in the early universe but remains difficult to detect today. The study's co-author, Dr Yu-Dai Tsai, says: 'Dark matter resonance is already known to be a powerful idea, with the potential to change our understanding of how dark matter was produced in the early universe and how we search for it today.
' The researchers suggest that the geometry of the fifth dimension causes dark matter particles to 'resonate', or line up in a precise arrangement. This structure creates a phenomenon called 'dark matter resonance'. The study's findings have the potential to change our understanding of how dark matter was produced in the early universe and how we search for it today
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