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Get a daily digest of the latest news in tech, science, and technology, delivered right to your mailbox. Subscribe now.. The researchers analyzed tiny droplets of liquid usually discarded during eye surgery and found nearly 6,000 proteins belonging to different cell types in the eye. They also developed an AI model to estimate a person's age based on their protein profile.
The study's lead author, Vinit Mahajan, a surgeon and professor of ophthalmology at Stanford University, said that the eye is a unique organ that allows us to see diseases as they happen. "We wanted to link the visible changes in the eye to the molecular changes in the fluid," he said.The researchers faced a challenge in sampling the eye fluid, as it is tiny, and taking a tissue sample would damage the eye.
The study also found some proteins linked to Parkinson's disease in the eye fluid. These proteins are typically detected only after death, and current tests cannot measure them, which makes Parkinson's diagnosis difficult. The researchers suggested screening for these proteins in the eye fluid could help diagnose Parkinson's earlier and monitor its progression.
The authors concluded that their findings indicate that aging is not uniform across organs or cells and could have implications for precision medicine and clinical trials. They also emphasized the importance of characterizing the molecules in patients undergoing molecular therapies. They said reclassifying patients based on their molecular patterns and affected cell types could enhance clinical trials, drug selection, and drug outcomes.
They added that their next step is to characterize samples from more patients and eye diseases. They also said that their method could be applied to other tissues that are hard to sample. They gave examples of liquid biopsies of cerebrospinal fluid for studying or diagnosing the brain, synovial fluid for studying joints, and urine for studying kidneys.
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