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The Biden-Harris administration has awarded $500 million to Century Aluminum towards the construction of a new “green” low-carbon smelter.
US production of primary aluminum fell from 3.8 million metric tons in 1999 to 785,000 tons last year.There are now just four operating plants, two owned by Alcoa and two by Century, with combined annual capacity of around 650,000 tons. Global usage is forecast by the International Aluminium Institute to rise from 108 million tons in 2022 to 176 million by 2050.
Aluminum is produced from alumina by electrolysis, meaning smelters are massive and continuous power users. However, it remains to be seen whether there is sufficient spare capacity to guarantee power to a smelter of the size being proposed.A shorter-term solution is offered by the secondary aluminum sector, which is intrinsically greener than the primary one because re-melting only uses around 5% of the energy needed to make virgin metal.
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