Science, Space and Technology News 2024
Janelão Cave in Peruaçu Caves National Park, Januária, Minas Gerais state. Many caves in the park are large, with ceiling heights of 100 m, at the bottom of a 200 m canyon. Geologists affiliated with the University of São Paulo are researching 1,000 years of climate variability in the caves. Credit: Ataliba Coelho
“We used geological data to extend the perception of drought caused by global warming to a period long before the weather station’s records began, and were able to reconstitute weather patterns as far back as seven centuries.
“Onça Cave’s connection to the outside climate enabled us to determine that the drought also alters the chemistry of the speleothems . The increase in evaporation due to warming decreases the groundwater recharge that feeds the drip water in the cave. Chemical changes in the rock, associated with evaporation of the water, showed us that the ongoing drought is unprecedented.
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