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Researchers have identified distinct patterns of inflammation in the blood of long COVID patients, revealing potential targets for immune therapy. Credit: SciTechDaily.com
Professor Peter Openshaw, from Imperial’s National Heart & Lung Institute and an ISARIC-4C lead investigator, said: “With one in ten SARS-CoV-2 infections leading to long COVID and an estimated 65 million people around the world suffering from ongoing symptoms, we urgently need more research to understand this condition. At the moment, it’s very hard to diagnose and treat.
Myeloid cells are formed in the bone marrow and produce various types of white blood cells that circulate in the blood and migrate into organs and tissues where they respond to damage and infection. The complement system consists of a cascade of linked proteins that are activated in response to infection or tissue damage. Notably, overactivation of the complement system is known to be associated with many autoimmune and inflammatory conditions.
They found that certain groups of symptoms appeared to be associated with specific proteins. For example, people with gastrointestinal symptoms had increased levels of a marker called SCG3, which has previously been linked to impaired communication between the gut and the brain. Nevertheless, these long COVID subtypes seem to represent clear biological mechanisms of disease and highlight that different symptoms may have different underlying causes. The researchers suggest this could be useful in designing clinical trials, especially for treatments that target immune responses and inflammation.
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