Why do men face higher rates of most types of cancer than women? New research suggests that biological sex differences may be the answer. Rates of most types of cancer are higher in men than in women, yet the reasons are unclear. Findings from a recent study published by Wiley online in CANCER
According to new research, the reason rates of most types of cancer are higher in men than in women may be due to underlying biological sex differences rather than behavioral differences.New research suggests that biological sex differences may be the answer.
Understanding the reasons for sex differences in risk could provide important information to improve cancer prevention and treatment. To investigate, Sarah S. Jackson, PhD, of the National Cancer Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health, and her colleagues, assessed differences in cancer risk for each of 21 anatomic cancer sites among 171,274 male and 122,826 female adults aged 50–71 years who were participating in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health study from 1995–2011.
Even after adjusting for a wide range of risk behaviors and carcinogenic exposures, men still had an increased risk of most cancers. Indeed, differences in risk behaviors and carcinogenic exposures between the sexes only accounted for a modest proportion of the male predominance of most cancers . “Our results show that there are differences in cancer incidence that are not explained by environmental exposures alone. This suggests that there are intrinsic biological differences between men and women that affect susceptibility to cancer,” said Dr. Jackson.
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