A study published in BMCGeriatr finds that social isolation, but not loneliness or their interaction, is associated with all-cause mortality in Mexican adults older than 50 years.
], with values range from 4 to 16, where the higher the score the more he or she has a sense that he or she is in control of his or her own life. Satisfaction with life was measured using the response to the statement “I am satisfied with my life”, where she or he could agree, disagree, or remain neutral.
Lifestyle characteristics included were smoking and alcohol use.
Univariate logistic regression analyzes were applied to determine the association of various social, clinical, and psychological characteristics with all-cause mortality; variables associated with all-cause mortality with avalue ≤0.05 were included for adjustment of a logistic regression model in which included the levels of loneliness, social isolation, and their interactions as all-cause mortality predictors.
The assumptions of the multivariates models were verified by collinearity tests, residual analysis, and calculation of the goodness of fit. The results are summarized as Odds Ratio and 95% confidence intervals .< 0.05 was considered as statistical significance. No data imputations were performed. All analyzes were performed with Stata and SPSS v.21 statistical software.A total of 14,203 subjects were included in the study, of which 2490 were excluded. The final sample was 11,713 subjects.
shows the flow chart for obtaining the final sample. The mean age was 66.6 years. 58.2% of the subjects were women. 86.7% of subjects had no prior hospitalizations, 9.5% of subjects had 1 to 5 prior hospitalizations, and only 3.9% of subjects had more than 5 prior hospitalizations. The incidence of all-cause mortality in the 3 years of follow-up was 6.0% (
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Clinical impact of suboptimal RAASi therapy following an episode of hyperkalemia - BMC NephrologyBackground Hyperkalemia (HK) is a barrier to optimization of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor (RAASi) therapy in heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated cardiorenal risk associated with changes in RAASi regimen after an episode of HK in patients with HF and/or CKD. Methods This observational study utilized data from hospital records, claims, and health registers from the US (Optum’s de-identified Market Clarity Data) and Japan (Medical Data Vision). Included patients had an index episode of HK between July 2019 and September 2021 (US), or May 2020 and September 2021 (Japan), with prior diagnosis of HF or CKD (stage 3 or 4), and RAASi use. Risk of a cardiorenal composite outcome (HF emergency visit, HF hospitalization, or progression to end-stage kidney disease) was determined in patients who discontinued RAASi, down-titrated their dose by | 25%, or maintained or up-titrated their dose following the HK episode. Results A total of 15,488 and 6020 patients were included from the US and Japan, respectively. Prior to the episode of HK, 59% (US) and 27% (Japan) of patients had achieved | 50% target RAASi dose. Following the episode of HK, 33% (US) and 32% (Japan) of patients did not fill a new RAASi prescription. Risk of the cardiorenal outcome at 6 months was higher in patients who discontinued or down-titrated versus maintained or up-titrated RAASi treatment both in the US (17.5, 18.3, and 10.6%; p | 0.001) and in Japan (19.7, 20.0, and 15.1%; p | 0.001). Conclusion HK-related RAASi discontinuation or down-titration was associated with higher risk of cardiorenal events versus maintained or up-titrated RAASi.
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Suicidal ideation in men during COVID-19: an examination of protective factors - BMC PsychiatryBackground Men account for three-quarters of all suicide deaths in many Western nations including Australia. Whilst extensive research has examined risk factors for suicidal ideation and behaviour in men, protective factors remain underexplored, particularly social support, resilience and coping behaviours. Such factors are important to examine particularly in the context of COVID-19, where enforced isolation (among other negative lifestyle effects) has created widespread risk for the development of suicidal ideation. This mixed-methods study aimed to examine associations of various protective factors with suicidal ideation in men, using data from an online survey conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, we aimed to qualitatively investigate men’s self-reported protective strategies when experiencing suicidal thoughts and behaviour. Methods A convenience sample of 700 men (age M = 50.3 years; SD = 15.2 years) responded to an online survey including quantitative measures of suicidal ideation, planning and attempt, alongside employment and relationship status, coping, social support, resilience, and a qualitative free-text item gauging men’s self-reported protective strategies. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to compare odds of sub-categories of suicide risk (ideation; planning) according to protective factors. Qualitative responses were analysed via thematic analysis. Results Men in a relationship, and those lower in emotion-focused and avoidant coping reported lower odds of suicidal ideation. Maintaining employment throughout the pandemic was protective against suicidal ideation and planning; as was greater perceived social support from friends. Greater self-reported resilience was protective against suicidal ideation and planning. Qualitative analyses led to the development of two themes: coping and connecting, reflecting men’s intra- and interpersonal management strategies; and sustaining selflessness, where men’s imaginings of the collater
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Spirituality in palliative care - BMC Palliative CareAlthough being recognized by the World Health Organization as an essential domain of palliative care, spiritual care is still one of the most neglected component of the healthcare system. In this editorial, we set the context and invite contributions for a BMC Palliative Care Collection of articles titled ‘Spirituality in Palliative Care’.
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Association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and bone mineral density in adult orthodontic populationsTo determine the association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and predicted bone mineral density (BMD) in adults presenting for orthodontic treatment.This retrospective cross-section...
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A minimalist Mexican home has rocky rootsEchegaray, a minimalist Mexican home by Pérez Palacios Arquitectos Asociados, draws on its rocky site, which peeps out from its lower levels
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Race Differences in the Association Between Sleep Medication Use and Risk of Dementia - IOS PressBackground: The effect of sleep medications on cognition in older adults is controversial, possibly dependent upon sleep quality, and may differ by race. Objective: To determine the longitudinal association between sleep medication use and incident d
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