A study conducted in Japan and published in BMCGeriatr finds that frailty is a risk to increase susceptibility to influenza and its severity and risk of hospitalization differs by sex.
]. The poisson regression model was used to estimate risk ratio and 95% confidence interval for the association between influenza or the hospitalization and frailty based on robust standard errors after adjusting for age, sex, marital status, educational attainment, equivalized income, household structure, smoking status, high-risk disease, influenza vaccination, civic participation, reciprocity, number of friends met in the last month, and the municipalities.
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of independent older adults aged ≥ 65 years with or without influenza or hospitalization due to influenza at the follow-up surveyFrail or prefrail older adults in the baseline were more likely to contract influenza in the follow-up than nonfrail those. Older adults with the following characteristics in the baseline were more likely to contract influenza than their counterparts: aged 65–74 years, being female, had ≥ 13 years education, had 1.00–1.99 or 2.00–3.
A greater percentage of frail or prefrail older adults were hospitalized due to influenza than nonfrail ones. Older adults with the following characteristics were more likely to be hospitalized due to influenza than their counterparts: aged ≥ 75 years, being male, had < 6 years, 6–9 years, or other education, had < 0.5, 0.50–0.99, or ≥ 4.
Table 2 Associations of influenza or the hospitalization with frailty or sex among older adults aged ≥ 65 years . Frail or prefrail was associated with the hospitalization . Male was associated with the hospitalization, but not with influenza compared to female after adjusting for frailty and the other covariates, .
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