Assessment of PFO as Related to DCS in the Spaceflight Environment and During Ground Testing

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Assessment of PFO as Related to DCS in the Spaceflight Environment and During Ground Testing
Humans In SpaceInternational Space Station (ISS)Office Of The Chief Health And Medical Officer (O
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In June 2024, the NASA Office of the Chief Health and Medical Officer (OCHMO) Standards Team hosted an independent assessment working group to review the

In-person participants L-R standing: Dave Francisco, Joanne Kaouk, Dr. Richard Moon, Dr. Tony Alleman, Dr. Sean Hardy, Sarah Childress, Kristin Coffey, Dr. Ed Powers, Dr. Doug Ebersole, Dr. Steven Laurie, Dr. Doug Ebert; L-R seated: Dr. Alejandro Garbino, Dr. Robert Sanders, Dr. Kristi Ray, Dr. Mike Gernhardt, Dr. Joseph Dervay, Dr. Matt Makowski). Not pictured: Dr. Caroline Fife

Patent foramen ovale , a hole between the left and right atria of the heart, is known to be a cause of stroke in young adults.The purpose of this working group was to review and provide analysis on the status and progress of research and clinical activities intended to mitigate the risk of PFO and DCS issues during spaceflight.

What are potential risk reduction measures that could be considered if a person was believed to be at increased risk of DCS due to a PFO? Based on the available evidence and the risk of current decompression exposures , it is not recommended to screen for PFOs in any spaceflight or ground testing participants. The best strategy to reduce the risk of DCS is to create as safe an environment as possible in every scenario, through effective prebreathe protocols, safety, and the capability to rapidly treat DCS should symptoms occur.

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