A high-risk stem cell transplant has rid a middle-aged man of any signs of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) more than nine years after treatment.
The so-called 'Düsseldorf patient' was diagnosed with HIV in 2008, and put on a course of antiretroviral treatments in 2010. The following year, he was diagnosed with leukemia, which is aGiven the serious combination of the man's illnesses, doctors decided to take a dangerous route.from the bone marrow or blood of a donor and uses the sample to replace a sick patient's own white blood cells.
In this case, however, the donor was selected because they had a genetic mutation that makes them resistant to HIV. The idea was to cure the patient's leukemia, while, at the same time, giving them a genetic-based resistance to HIV. Nine years after receiving this initial treatment and four years after ceasing to use antiviral treatments, researchers have announced the patient displays no signs of functional, replicating HIV particles in his body, effectively making him virus free.And though there is no clear line between cured and infectious, the Düsseldorf patient joinsresearchers are confident have had all traces of functional HIV genomes removed from their body.
The other patients have been dubbed the City of Hope, the London, the New York, and the Berlin patients.HIV is one of the trickiestfor experts to treat. It has a way of lying latent in the body, beyond the reach of the immune system or modern medicines. Stem cell treatments for cancer like the one detailed above are incredible because they can make immune cells resistant to the virus present.
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