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– and a detailed new study of these changes points to a way some of this wear and tear might be prevented or reversed.to analyze the balance of brain proteins in both young and old mice, finding differences in a process called ubiquitylation as the animals aged.
adds chemical tags to proteins, telling the brain which of these busy molecules are past their peak and should be recycled. In older mouse brains, the ubiquitylation tags really start to pile up on certain proteins."Our analyses have shown that aging leads to fundamental changes in how the proteins in the brain are chemically labeled," "The ubiquitylation process acts like a molecular switch – it determines whether a protein remains active, changes its function, or is degraded."that protein management and cleanup become less efficient as brains age, what's new is the detailed link to ubiquitylation and the gradual accumulation of tags that the proteasome should be acting on. "This finely tuned system becomes increasingly unbalanced: many labels accumulate, and some are even lost, regardless of how much of a particular protein is present,"diet for four weeks before returning them to a normal diet to see if this would affect ubiquitylation. For some of the proteins, this dietary intervention restored the chemical tagging to the state observed in younger animals when the normal diet was resumed. While the researchers didn't study the underlying mechanisms in detail, the implication is that protein tagging in the brain – hugely important forNow, there are lots of caveats to consider – including that none of this has been tested in living humans yet – but the research takes us several steps forward in understanding some of the shifting processes that happen in the brain in later years. challenging. Even within this research, the observed changes weren't universal across all of the proteins and protein management processes in the brain. "Our results show that even in old age, diet can still have an important influence on molecular processes in the brain," "However, diet does not affect all aging processes in the brain equally: some are slowed down, while others hardly change or even increase."
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