A new study provides evidence that basic needs shape engagement and performance.

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A new study provides evidence that basic needs shape engagement and performance.
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Food insecurity does not stay at home. Research shows it follows employees to work and affects performance.

Food-insecure employees report lower performance and engagement.In a field experiment, food aid reduced anxiety, which led to improved engagement. An employee checks their bank balance before lunch and decides to skip it.

A parent at work calculates how many meals are left before payday and hopes the groceries stretch. These are not scenes from the distant margins of the economy. They are increasingly common experiences among people who are employed. When we talk about workplace performance, we tend to focus on skills,. We debate engagement strategies and design incentive systems. We rarely ask a simpler question: Are employees reliably able to eat? Food insecurity affects millions of working adults. They show up to meetings, log into Zoom calls, operate machinery, serve customers, and manage teams while worrying about whether there will be enough food at home. My colleagues. We examined how food insecurity relates to work outcomes. Across multiple samples of full-time employees, we found a consistent pattern: Employees who experienced food insecurity reported lower task performance and lower work engagement. This was not a small or isolated effect. It appeared across different groups and settings. Food insecurity imposes a steady psychological burden. When access to something as fundamental as food feels uncertain, part of the mind is always running a background calculation: How much is left? What can be skipped? What happens if something unexpected comes up? That mental activity does not shut off when the workday begins.Of these studies, the most compelling was our field experiment, partnered with a nongovernmental organization in Pakistan. We randomly provided a group of employees with packages of staple foods , while the control group received a non-food package of hygiene products. Over the following days, employees who received the food reported lower anxiety and higher work engagement than those who did not. The shift was measurable and relatively immediate. Providing food did not transform every aspect of the job, but by lowering anxiety, it allowed people to be more fully present at work.workshops, and performance incentives. These efforts assume that employees are choosing among strategies for flourishing. They assume a baseline of basic stability. When employees are food insecure, that assumption is wrong. You cannot meaningfully optimize performance while ignoring whether people’s most basic needs are being met. This is where a broader idea becomes relevant: human sustainability. At its core, human sustainability means maintaining health without sacrificing growth or contribution. Workplaces understandably focus on growth and contribution. They push for, and results. But none of that is sustainable if the foundations of maintenance are shaky. Food is necessary for our bodies to maintain themselves. When maintenance is chronically threatened, people can continue functioning for a time, but they operate closer to their limits, and the system becomes fragile. There is a tendency to treat food insecurity as something for governments or charities to solve. Public policy certainly matters. But employing organizations should not be passive observers. They shape schedules, workloads, and benefits. They determine whether food assistance is visible, accessible, or stigmatized. Some organizations have begun experimenting with direct food aid, meal stipends, or partnerships with local food providers. Our findings suggest that such efforts are not merely charitable gestures. They are investments in the stability that allows people to perform and engage. The sobering reality is that organizations may be building systems that extract contribution while overlooking maintenance. That imbalance can persist for a while, but it is rarely sustainable. The hopeful part is that maintenance is often more efficient than repair. In our field experiment, providing food support reduced anxiety and improved engagement within days. Preventing decline can be less costly than trying to recover after a crash. If we are serious about long-term performance, we need to broaden the conversation. Engagement surveys and leadership development programs have their place. But they sit on top of more fundamental conditions. Work does not occur in isolation from life’s basic necessities. Hunger does not stay at home when someone clocks in. Before we ask how to increase engagement or productivity, we might ask a simpler question: Are the people doing the work worried about not having sufficient access to healthy food? If they are, is there something we can do about that?is a Michael G. Foster Endowed Professor of Organizational Behavior in the Michael G. Foster School of Business at the University of Washington.Self Tests are all about you. Are you outgoing or introverted? Are you a narcissist? Does perfectionism hold you back? Find out the answers to these questions and more with Psychology Today.

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