In the summer of 2019, I walked up a hillside in west Wales with Richard Bevins, a researcher who specializes in petrology, the study of the origins, compositions, and structures of rocks. We climbed through a landscape tufted with reeds. A drystone wall ran on our right. The territory opened into grassland, reaching up to a ridgeline etched against the sky. Our destination, Carn Goedog, jutted out above us. In Welsh, “carn” refers to a mound of rocks; “goedog” means full of trees.
The revision began with a kind of social coincidence. In 2008, Bevins received an e-mail from a retired geologist named Rob Ixer, with whom he’d once provenanced a collection of axe-heads. Ixer was convinced that he’d stumbled upon a more accurate way to provenance the bluestones.
Our understanding of Stonehenge has evolved with time. In the seventeenth century, the antiquarian John Aubrey linked the monument to pre-Roman Druids. In the eighteenth century, Stukeley recognized a relationship between the alignment of Stonehenge and the solstice, and attempted to demonstrate that the monument could not have been built by the Romans by taking a series of measurements which proved not to correspond to Roman units.
Today, Parker Pearson said, the total picture was that, instead of three phases of construction, Stonehenge appeared to be a dynamic monument built in perhaps half a dozen stages. It all began “with a circle of Welsh bluestones encircling what was Britain’s largest burial ground,” he told me; later, the sarsens were added, “aligning with the eternal movements of the sun and moon.” Stonehenge, he concluded, was “not a Druids’ temple or astronomical observatory” but “a monument of remembrance.
On the basis of these findings, Parker Pearson and his team started excavating at Craig Rhos-y-felin in 2011. They uncovered evidence of what Parker Pearson described as “a little hearth and activity area,” and also a few hazelnut shells. The shells were dated to the centuries before 3000 B.C.—roughly the time when Stonehenge’s first stage of construction began. Parker Pearson became convinced that Craig Rhos-y-felin had been a small bluestone quarry site.
that's a fine looking nug o weed.
Built Before 12,800 years ago ... Before ☄️🌊
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