A look back after white minority rule in South Africa ended 25 years ago this month
Winnie Madikizela-Mandela and her then-husband Nelson Mandela on February 13, 1990, at a rally attended by more than 100,000 people to celebrate Mandela's release from jail.
Jobs were reserved for certain races; marriage and sex across the colour bar was forbidden; even beaches, buses and park benches were allotted according to skin colour.Whites – who made up less than 20 percent of the population – owned more than 80 percent of the land.Blacks had no right to vote and were relegated to inferior jobs, education and services.
To maintain the system, the apartheid government imposed severe censorship and relied heavily on its security forces, with compulsory conscription for white males between 1967 and 1993.The African National Congress led the resistance to apartheid, first adopting non-violent tactics such as strikes, boycotts and civil disobedience campaigns.In 1960 a march in Sharpeville against the hated pass books became a massacre when police opened fire on the crowd, killing 69 blacks.
Internationally renowned personalities became activists against apartheid, with a major rock concert at London's Wembley Stadium in 1988 honouring Mandela.To many, it came as a shock in 1990 when President F.W. de Klerk – in power for just five months, announced the legalisation of the black opposition.
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